After collecting and processing of the facts, it is evident that today, 2.6 million posts of drivers remain unfilled in the countries covered by the survey with a tendency that this estimated number shall increase to 3 million. In data processing, the official data of the International Road Transportation Union IRU have been used which are explicitly showing that a trend of «vacant» jobs and mobility challenges have been observed in all regions, except Eurasia. The least affected countries are Mexico and Argentina with 8.6% of truck driver vacancies, the exception being China, where the system is stable. In the paper, we deal with the issue of mobility in countries outside the EU, especially the countries of the Western Balkans where we have determined that the trend of drivers leaving for the EU is on the rise and will be especially instigated by continuous economic recovery of global GDP growth, persistent tensions in the supply and demand of road freight and decrease in available workforce of drivers as well as training and qualification challenges. To obtain the results of the work, we set the first hypothesis «lack of professional drivers is a global problem that directly affects the GDP», as well as the second hypothesis «EU directives and the lack of standards harmonisation in the countries outside the EU cause job positions of motor vehicle drivers being uncovered» In order to understand the set hypotheses, our work included extensive research and experience, whereas the methods used include: inductive and deductive methods, methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of abstraction and concretization, methods of generalization and specialization, method of classification, method of description, method of compilation and comparative method. With the protocols, road transport operators have committed to become carbon neutral by 2050 through the IRU Green Compact , the summary provides an overview of this research, focusing on the scenarios assessed and the recommended way forward. In short, which optimization model is the best for road transport operators to make Europe carbon neutral by 2050 on one hand and on the other, to meet the standards of the EU Directives on the mobility of workers, professional competences, skills and abilities, so to make the profession of a professional driver attractive for young people, and also to facilitate and remove the existing barriers that are visible. In conclusion, we confirmed and proved the set hypotheses with proposal for the measures at different levels and recommendations to eliminate or stop negative trends through comprehensive coordination.
In this work, the characteristics of the traffic flow on the section of the Gradiška- Banja Luka highway, which is part of the European road route E-661, were analyzed in the period from 2019 to 2022. Data on the size of flow requests were taken from the database of the toll station “Jakupovci” on the Gradiška- Banja Luka highway. When defining the size of the flow request, the structure of the traffic flow was also taken into account, in accordance with the categories according to which the toll is collected. The period in which the analysis of flow characteristics was performed also includes the period in which the coronavirus pandemic reigned, when certain travel rules and prohibitions were in force. In accordance with that, the work will specifically analyze the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on the characteristics of the traffic flow on the Gradiška- Banja Luka highway section. Given that the
„Jakupovci“ toll station is the busiest toll station on the Gradiška- Banja Luka highway, the results of the analysis can be applied to other sections of highways in the Republic of Srpska.
After collecting and processing of the facts, it is evident that today, 2.6 million posts of drivers remain unfilled in the countries covered by the survey with a tendency that this estimated number shall increase to 3 million. In data processing, the official data of the International Road Transportation Union IRU have been used which are explicitly showing that a trend of «vacant» jobs and mobility challenges have been observed in all regions, except Eurasia. The least affected countries are Mexico and Argentina with 8.6% of truck driver vacancies, the exception being China, where the system is stable. In the paper, we deal with the issue of mobility in countries outside the EU, especially the countries of the Western Balkans where we have determined that the trend of drivers leaving for the EU is on the rise and will be especially instigated by continuous economic recovery of global GDP growth, persistent tensions in the supply and demand of road freight and decrease in available workforce of drivers as well as training and qualification challenges. To obtain the results of the work, we set the first hypothesis «lack of professional drivers is a global problem that directly affects the GDP», as well as the second hypothesis «EU directives and the lack of standards harmonisation in the countries outside the EU cause job positions of motor vehicle drivers being uncovered» In order to understand the set hypotheses, our work included extensive research and experience, whereas the methods used include: inductive and deductive methods, methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of abstraction and concretization, methods of generalization and specialization, method of classification, method of description, method of compilation and comparative method. With the protocols, road transport operators have committed to become carbon neutral by 2050 through the IRU Green Compact , the summary provides an overview of this research, focusing on the scenarios assessed and the recommended way forward. In short, which optimization model is the best for road transport operators to make Europe carbon neutral by 2050 on one hand and on the other, to meet the standards of the EU Directives on the mobility of workers, professional competences, skills and abilities, so to make the profession of a professional driver attractive for young people, and also to facilitate and remove the existing barriers that are visible. In conclusion, we confirmed and proved the set hypotheses with proposal for the measures at different levels and recommendations to eliminate or stop negative trends through comprehensive coordination.
